Acetonitrile
Project Background
Acetonitrile is an important organic chemical feedstock that is widely used as a solvent or reactant. During its production or recycling, it often needs to be separated from water. Because acetonitrile and water form an azeotrope with a boiling point of 76.3°C at atmospheric pressure—containing 84% acetonitrile by mass—conventional distillation cannot achieve effective separation. Current separation methods mainly include (salt‑added) extractive distillation, pressure‑swing distillation, and membrane permeation–vaporization dehydration.
Technical Comparison
| Name |
Membrane separation |
Pressure-swing distillation |
| Steam (t/t raw material) |
1.2 |
2.5 |
| Circulating water (m³/t of raw material) |
50 |
250 |
| Low-temperature water (m³/t of raw material) |
4 |
20 |
| Chilled water (m³/t of raw material) |
5 |
0 |
| Electricity (kWh/t of raw material) |
30 |
20 |
| Operating cost (RMB/t of raw material) |
287 |
580 |
| Yield (%) |
High, ≥97 |
Low, 90–93 |
| Number of distillation columns (units) |
1 |
2 |
| Maximum operating pressure (MPa(G)) |
0.2 |
0.3~0.4 |
| Required steam pressure (MPa(G)) |
≥0.4 |
0.6~0.7 |
| Operational complexity |
Simple, automatic control |
Complex, multi-player operation |
| Equipment investment |
Relatively high |
Low |
| Annual operating costs (based on 10 m³ per day and 250 operating days per year, equivalent to 2,000 tons per year) |
Energy consumption is reduced by RMB 600,000; the increased yield generates annual savings of over RMB 800,000 (based on an acetonitrile price of RMB 10,000 per ton), for total annual savings exceeding RMB 1.4 million. |
|
| Process Selection |
Recommendation |
Not recommended |
